Dataset containing results of an investigation to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) among enrolled participants of the TREATS study between February 19 and August 11, 2019. Participants were aged 15 years and over and located in one of 3 communities in Zambia or 1 community in South Africa. TB was detected using point-of-care C-reactive protein testing, alone and combined with symptom screening, that covered self-reported symptoms for cough, fever, chest pain, night sweats, and weight loss. This is the minimal dataset required to conduct the analysis presented in the published paper: Ruperez M, Shanaube K, Mureithi L, Wapamesa C, Burnett MJ, Kosloff B, de Haas P, Hayes R, Fidler S, Gachie T, Schaap A, Floyd S, Klinkenberg E, Ayles H; TREATS study team. Use of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing for screening of tuberculosis in the community in high-burden settings: a prospective, cross-sectional study in Zambia and South Africa. Lancet Glob Health. 2023 May;11(5):e704-e714. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00113-4. Erratum in: Lancet Glob Health. 2023 Jul;11(7):e1011. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00222-X. PMID: 37061309. The study protocol and ICF were approved by LSHTM Ethics Committee (ref: 14905) as well as the University of Zambia Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (ref: 005–02–18) and Pharma-Ethics Ltd in South Africa (ref: 180219727).