This dataset collection was compiled by the Global Retinoblastoma Study Group to assess worldwide availability and equity of diagnostic and treatment services for retinoblastoma (Rb), the most common paediatric eye cancer. It contains two complementary datasets: (1) 2024 dataset: Comprehensive global data on the availability of Rb diagnostic and therapeutic modalities across 438 treatment centres in 145 countries. (2) 2017 matched dataset: Proportional availability data from 246 centres in 124 countries that participated in both the 2017 and 2024 surveys, used for longitudinal comparison of service availability and income-related equity. Proportional availability refers to the share of centres within each country offering a given diagnostic or treatment modality, averaged across all countries to provide a global estimate.