This dataset was produced as part of five pragmatic cluster-randomised trials, with health facilities (rayon in Ukraine) as the unit of randomisation, conducted in Ethiopia (trial registration: PACTR2020087766949990), Ukraine, Tanzania, South Africa, and the Philippines (trial registration four countries ISRCTN17706019). The trials enrolled adults starting treatment for drug-susceptible tuberculosis. The dataset consists of two data tables: a "baseline" table that lists participant characteristics collected at enrolment; and the "doseday" table containing data on daily treatment adherence based on a proxy of participant engagement with a digital adherence technology (either a smart pillbox or medications-labels/text). These data underpin analysis reported in a JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2025 paper.