Survey data on decision-making for childhood vaccination in crisis settings – Data Codebook

Persistent identifier

10.17037/DATA.00004292

Description

Children, particularly those who have received no routine vaccinations (zero-dose children), are at high risk of vaccine-preventable diseases in humanitarian crisis settings. However, the decision-making processes underlying vaccine intervention design and delivery in such settings are poorly understood. The study investigated the decision-making practices of organisations involved in childhood vaccination in humanitarian crisis settings globally via an online survey. Individuals involved in the design or delivery of childhood vaccination programmes in humanitarian crisis settings were invited to fill out a self-administered online survey. A total of fourteen responses were received. Respondents were asked about factors influencing intervention design and vaccine delivery; use of technical guidance, specifically the WHO decision-making framework for vaccination in acute humanitarian emergencies (WHO Framework); and practices for reaching zero-dose children.

Data codebook

The child vaccination survey dataset contains the following variables.

Variable name	Variable label	Answer code	Variable Type
responseID	Response ID		Numeric
language	Survey language		String
		English
		French
		Spanish
consent	Please provide your consent to all items below, and your name, signature, and today's date. This will unlock the survey questions.		String
4_work	4. Which best describes the work you do? (select one)		String
		Technical advisory
		Policy
		Operational
		Monitoring and evaluation
		Other (please specify)
5_gender	5. What is your gender?		String
		Man
		Woman
6_org_involvement	6. How is your organization involved in childhood vaccination in humanitarian crisis settings? (select all that apply)		String
		Technical support
		Operational support
		Financial support
		Direct service provision
7_org_service_location	7. Where does your organization provide services/support for vaccination in humanitarian crisis settings? (select one)		String
		Multiple crisis-affected countries in multiple WHO regions
		In one crisis-affected country only
region	Select region		String
		African Region
multiple_regions	Select multiple regions		String
		African Region
		Eastern Mediterranean Region
		European Region
		Region of the Americas
		South-East Asian Region
		Western Pacific Region
8_org_funded	8. How is your organization funded? (select all that apply)		String
		Private donations
		Philanthropic donations
		Government funds
		Membership dues
		Other (specify)
9_interventionframework	9. Do you use a specific framework/set of guidelines, or multiple, to guide intervention design for childhood vaccination? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
10_01_technical_guidelines	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Technical guidelines		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_02_vaccination_coverage	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Existing vaccination coverage		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_03_geographic_region	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Geographical region of crisis		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_04_vaccination_impact	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Expected impact of the crisis on vaccination coverage and/or services		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_05_humanitarian_coordination	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Coordination with other humanitarian actors, including gap analysis		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_06_formal_request	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Formal request for assistance by the affected government		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_07_org_strategy	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Organization’s mandate/strategy		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_08_org_expertise	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Organization’s expertise/technical capacity		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_09_pastexperience	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Instinct/personal past experiences of staff involved in decision-making		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_10_availablefunding	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Likely availability of funding		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_11_donorpreference	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Donor preferences		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
10_12_media_political_influence	10. How much do the following factors influence your decision-making during intervention design for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Media/political influences		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
11_1_WHO_frameworks_use	11. Does your organization use The Who Framework for Vaccination in Acute Humanitarian Emergencies to guide childhood vaccination intervention design? (select one)		String
		Always
		Usually
		Sometimes
		Never
		Don't know
11_2_framework_awareness	Were you aware that this framework existed? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
11_3_framework_use_reasonagainst	Why do you not use the framework?		String
		We use other guidance
		Framework is too complicated
		Following the framework would take too long
		We don't have the personnel
		We use other orientations.
		The framework is too complicated.
		Not sure where we stand on this
11_4_framework_helpfuluse	Do you find the framework to be a helpful tool in practice? (select one)		String
		Yes
		Somewhat
		No
11_5_framework_like	What, if anything, do you like about the framework? (select all that apply)		String
		Easy to interpret
		Provides good practical guidance
		Provides strong evidence to justify decisions
11_6_framework_problems	What problems, if any, do you have with the framework?		String
		Framework does not work well for the types of crises we deal with
		Framework is not available in relevant languages
		Risk assessment is too time-consuming
		Risk assessment requires expertise that we do not have
		Too complex
		Too subjective
		No problems
		Other (I think the guidelines do what they are supposed to do, and as such, are necessarily complex.)
12_vaccine_intervention_design	12. Is there anything you would like to add about childhood vaccine intervention design in humanitarian crises? (free response)	Free text	String
13_vaccination_service_support	13. Since the start of 2014, what type of childhood vaccination services has your organization provided/supported in humanitarian crisis settings? (select all that apply)
		Immunization coverage surveys	String
		Mass vaccination campaigns (refers to any mass vaccination interventions, including all supplementary immunization activities and outbreak response campaigns)
		Routine immunization services
		Routine vaccination services
		Vaccination coverage surveys
		Other (specify)
14_vaccination_service_strategies	14. Since the start of 2014, what strategies have you used to deliver childhood vaccination services in humanitarian crisis settings? (select all that apply)		String
		Permanent fixed vaccine posts
		Temporary fixed vaccine posts
		Mobile vaccine posts
		House-to-house vaccination
		Vaccination at schools, preschools and day care centres
		Supplementary outreach (i.e. going to door-to-door encouraging population to attend vaccine post)
		Other (specify)
15_01_community_vaccine_acceptance	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Community vaccine acceptance		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_02_target_population_location_size	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Target population location/size		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_03_security	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Security		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_04_tech_guidance_recommendations	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Technical guidance recommendations		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_05_funding_budget	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Funding/budget		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_06_resource_availability	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Resource availability (staff/supplies/logistics)		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_07_multiple_intervention_integration	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Opportunity to integrate multiple interventions		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
15_08_actor_preference	15. How much do the following factors influence your choice of delivery strategy (see question 14) for childhood vaccination in humanitarian crises? (rate each factor) >> Preferences of other actors, i.e. governments and local leaders		String
		Very much
		Moderately
		Slightly
		Not at all
		Don't know
16_vaccine_target_groups	16. For which vaccine-preventable diseases have you used expanded target age groups since 2014? (select all that apply)		String
		Cholera
		Diphtheria
		Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib)
		Hepatitis A
		Hepatitis B
		Hepatitis E
		Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
		Influenza
		Japanese encephalitis
		Measles
		Meningococcal meningitis
		Pertussis
		Pneumococcal disease
		Poliomyelitis
		Rabies
		Rotavirus
		Rubella
		Tetanus
		Tuberculosis (TB)
		Typhoid
		Varicella
		Whooping cough
		Yellow fever
		Did not use
		Don’t know
17_reduced_dosing_schedules	17. For which vaccine-preventable diseases have you used reduced dosing schedules since 2014? (select all that apply)		String
		Cholera
		Diphtheria
		Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib)
		Hepatitis A
		Hepatitis B
		Hepatitis E
		Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
		Influenza
		Japanese encephalitis
		Measles
		Meningococcal meningitis
		Pertussis
		Pneumococcal disease
		Poliomyelitis
		Rabies
		Rotavirus
		Rubella
		Tetanus
		Tuberculosis (TB)
		Typhoid
		Varicella
		Whooping cough
		Yellow fever
		Did not use reduced dosing schedules
		Don’t know
18_1_desired_coverage_levels	18. In the majority of your childhood vaccination responses in humanitarian crisis settings since the start of 2014, have you been able to achieve desired levels of coverage with the vaccines you had? (select one)		String
		Yes
		Somewhat, or in some responses but not the majority
		No
		Don't know
18_2_problems	What problems have prevented you from meeting coverage goals? (select all that apply)		String
		vaccine availability
		vaccine cost
		lack of guidance
		lack of leadership
		insufficient resources
		cold chain issues
		insecurity, violence, or threat of violence
		constraints placed by governments
		difficulty identifying zero-dose or under-immunised children/communities
		vaccine hesitancy among beneficiaries
		don’t know
		other (specify)
19_vaccines_delivery	19. Is there anything you would like to add about delivery of childhood vaccines in humanitarian crises? (free response)	Free text	String
20_org_vaccine_selection_approach	20. What best describes your organization’s approach to vaccine selection for children in humanitarian crises? (select one)		String
		Assess the risk for each vaccine-preventable disease individually
		Rely on the routine vaccination programme in country of operation
		Rely on routine vaccination programme in country and supplement with measles and/or polio mass campaigns
		Rely on routine vaccination programme in country and supplement mass campaigns other than/in addition to measles and/or polio
		Focus on vaccination for measles and/or polio only
		Other (specify)
21_targeted_diseases_routineservices	21. Since the start of 2014, which vaccine-preventable diseases have you targeted with routine services in humanitarian crisis settings? (select all that apply)		String
		Cholera
		Diphtheria
		Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib)
		Hepatitis A
		Hepatitis B
		Hepatitis E
		Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
		Influenza
		Japanese encephalitis
		Measles
		Meningococcal meningitis
		Pertussis
		Pneumococcal disease
		Poliomyelitis
		Rabies
		Rotavirus
		Rubella
		Tetanus
		Tuberculosis (TB)
		Typhoid
		Varicella
		Whooping cough
		Yellow fever
		Don’t know
22_targeted_diseases_masscampaigns	22. Since the start of 2014, which vaccine-preventable diseases have you targeted with mass campaigns in humanitarian crisis settings? (select all that apply)	As above	String
23_01_PCV_mass_campaigns	23. Did your organization implement pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) mass campaigns in its most recent humanitarian crisis response? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
23_02_PCV_whynot	Why not (PCV)? (select all that apply)		String
		Cost
		Availability of vaccine
		Not logistically feasible
		Low pneumococcal disease burden
		Low priority relative to other issues
		High PCV coverage
		Focus on case management instead
		Lack of research demonstrating benefit in crises
		Donor constraints on funding use
		Lack of approval from country leadership
		Lack of guidance
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
24_01_Hib_mass_campaigns	24. Did your organization implement Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib) mass campaigns in its most recent humanitarian crisis response? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
24_02_Hib_whynot	Why not (Hib)? (select all that apply)		String
		Cost
		Availability of vaccine
		Not logistically feasible
		Low Haemophilus influenzae type b disease burden
		Low priority relative to other issues
		High HiB vaccination coverage
		Focus on case management instead
		Lack of research demonstrating benefit in crises
		Donor constraints on funding use
		Lack of approval from country leadership
		Lack of guidance
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
25_01_rotavirus_masscampaigns	25. Did your organization implement rotavirus mass campaigns in its most recent humanitarian crisis response? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
25_02_rotavirus_whynot	Why not (rotavirus)? (select all that apply)		String
		Cost
		Availability of vaccine
		Not logistically feasible
		Low rotavirus disease burden
		Low priority relative to other issues
		High rotavirus vaccine coverage
		Focus on case management instead
		Lack of research demonstrating benefit in crises
		Donor constraints on funding use
		Lack of approval from country leadership
		Lack of guidance
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
26_01_HPV_mass_campaigns	26. Did your organization implement Human Papillomavirus (HPV) mass campaigns in its most recent humanitarian crisis response? (select one)
26_02_HPV_whynot	Why not (HPV)? (select all that apply)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
27_01_OCV_mass_campaigns	27. Did your organization implement oral cholera vaccine (OCV) mass campaigns in its most recent humanitarian crisis response? (select one)		String
		Cost
		Availability of vaccine
		Not logistically feasible
		Low HPV burden
		Low priority relative to other issues
		High HPV vaccination coverage
		Focus on case management instead
		Lack of research demonstrating benefit in crises
		Donor constraints on funding use
		Lack of approval from country leadership
		Lack of guidance
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
27_02_OCV_whynot	Why not (cholera)? (select all that apply)		String
		Cost
		Availability of vaccine
		Not logistically feasible
		Low cholera disease burden
		Low priority relative to other issues
		High OCV coverage
		Focus on case management instead
		Lack of research demonstrating benefit in crises
		Donor constraints on funding use
		Lack of approval from country leadership
		Lack of guidance
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
28_org_zerodose_children	28. Does your organization have a mandate, strategy, or tool to identify and reach zero-dose children in your operational sphere? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
29_01_org_zerodose_children_knowledge	29. Does your organization know the estimated number of zero-dose children in your operational sphere? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
29_02_org_zerodose_children_whynot	Why not? (select all that apply)		String
		Lack of funds
		Lack of human resources
		Lack of guidance
		Low priority relative to other issues
		Other (specify)
		Don’t know
29_03_accurate_measures_belief	Do you believe these measures are accurate? (select one)		String
		Yes
		Somewhat
		No
		Don't know
29_04_zerodose_status_determinants	Do you also collect data on determinants of zero-dose status such as socioeconomic status, gender, disability, or location? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
30_1_org_zerodose_progress_monitor	30. Does your organization monitor progress in reaching zero-dose children? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
30_2_org_zerodose_whynot	Why not? (select all that apply)		String
		Lack of funds
		Lack of human resources
		Lack of guidance
		Low priority relative to other issues
		Other (specify)
		Don’t know
30_3_org_effectiveness	Do you think your approach is effective? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Somewhat
		Don't know
30_4_org_effectiveness_text	Please expand if you wish (free response)		String
31_zerodose_vaccine_barriers	31. In your experience, what barriers prevent zero-dose children from obtaining vaccines in humanitarian crises? (select all that apply)		String
		Service inaccessibility due to physical barriers (i.e. distance, transport)
		Service inaccessibility due to financial barriers
		Gender barriers (preventing women from bringing children to be vaccinated, i.e. service timing or location not safe/accessible for women)
		Insecurity/violence/threat of violence
		Mistrust or fear around health services or vaccines
		Not believing vaccines are necessary
		Not knowing that vaccine services are available
		Don’t know
		Other (specify)
32_01_barrier_mitigation	32. Does your organization have strategies to mitigate these barriers? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
32_02_barrier_mitigation_whynot	Why not? (select all that apply)		String
		Lack of funds
		Lack of human resources
		Lack of guidance
		Low priority relative to other issues
		Other (specify)
		Don’t know
32_03_strategies_used	What strategies do you use? (select all that apply)		String
		Modified delivery i.e. mobile posts, house-to-house vaccination
		Outreach (canvassing, beneficiary engagement)
		Other (specify)
		Don’t know
32_04_approach_effectiveness_opinion	Do you think your approach is effective? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Somewhat
		Don't know
32_05_approach_effectiveness_opinion_text	Please expand if you wish (free response)	Free text	String
33_01_framework_use	33. Does your organization use the Gavi Identify, Reach, Monitor, Measure, Advocate (IRMMA) framework? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
33_02_framework_awareness	Were you aware that this framework existed? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
33_03_framework_non_use_reason	Why do you not use the framework? (select all that apply)		String
		We use other guidance (specify)
		The framework is too complicated/difficult to interpret
		The framework is not relevant to our work
		The framework does not provide practical guidance
		The framework is not available in the language(s) we need
		Other (specify)
		Don’t know
33_04_framework_helpfulness	Do you find the framework to be a helpful tool in practice? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Somewhat
		Don't know
33_05_framework_positive	What, if anything, do you like about the framework? (select all that apply)		String
		Framework is clear/easy to interpret
		Framework provides practical guidance
		Framework provides strong evidence to justify decisions
		Nothing
		Other (specify)
33_05_framework_problems	What problems, if any, do you have with the framework? (select all that apply)		String
		Framework is complex/difficult to interpret
		Framework does not provide clear cut guidance/is too open to interpretation
		Guidance from framework is not practical
		Framework not available in relevant languages
		Framework does not work well for the type of crises we deal with
		No problems
		Other (specify)
34_zerodose_children_additional_comments	34. Is there anything you would like to add about identifying and reaching zero-dose children and communities in humanitarian crises? (free response)	Free text	String
35_01_COVID_negativeimpact	35. Has COVID-19 negatively impacted your organization’s ability to deliver vaccines? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
35_02_COVID_negativeimpact_reason	Why? (select all that apply)		String
		Reduced funding
		Reduced staff
		Diversion of other resources
		Increased vaccine hesitancy
		Other (specify)
36_01_COVID_positiveimpact	36. Has COVID-19 improved your organization’s ability to deliver vaccines? (select one)		String
		Yes
		No
		Don't know
36_02_COVID_positiveimpact_reason	Why? (select all that apply)		String
		Improved organisation
		Easier to locate children/communities
		Decreased vaccine hesitancy
		Opportunity to integrate COVID-19 vaccination with other vaccine programmes
		Other (specify)
37_COVID_additional_comments	37. Is there anything you would like to add about the impact of COVID-19 on vaccination in humanitarian crises? (free response)	Free text	String
38_final_comments	38. Is there anything you would like to add about childhood vaccination design and delivery in humanitarian crises that was not covered by this survey? (free response)	Free text	String