10.17037/DATA.00003400
The Alleviating Hidden Hunger with Agronomy (AHHA) Malawi trial sought to test the efficacy of alleviating selenium deficiency through consumption of maize flour enriched with fertilizers in a Malawi-based context. The anonymised dataset contains outcome results of the investigation. This dataset is an update to the version published at 10.17037/DATA.00003123.
Participant demographic information, morbidity outcomes and dietary information were captured through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Blood haemoglobin concentrations were measured in the field by trained Research Assistants. Serum selenium concentrations were measured by ICPMS.
Selenium, Agronomic Biofortification, Maize
English
| Project name | Funder/sponsor | Grant number | Notes |
| Can dietary mineral deficiencies in a rural Malawi population be improved through the consumption of maize flour enriched using micronutrient fertilizers? | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | INV-009129 | ISRCTN85899451 10.1186/ISRCTN85899451 |
This dataset is an update to the version published at 10.17037/DATA.00003123.
| Forename | Surname | Faculty / Dept | Institution | Role | ORCID |
| Edward | Joy | Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health / Department of Population Health | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | Data Creator | 0000-0002-0106-866X |
| Joanna | Sturgess | Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health / Department of Medical Statistics | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | Data Creator | 0000-0001-7312-4598 |
| Elizabeth | Allen | Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health / Department of Medical Statistics | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | 0000-0002-2689-6939 |
| Filename | Description | Access status | Licence |
| AHHA-Malawi-dataset-v3 | AHHA Malawi trial results dataset version 3 | Open | Creative Commons Attribution (CCBY) |
| AHHA-Malawi-dataset-v3-codebook | Codebook for AHHA Malawi trial results dataset | Open | Creative Commons Attribution (CCBY) |
The third version of the AHHA Malawi Trial dataset contains the following variables.
| Variable Name | Variable Label | Answer Label | Answer Code | Variable Type |
| participantlabel | Participant ID number | Numeric | ||
| group | Group | Numeric | ||
| 1 | ||||
| 0 | ||||
| hh | Household ID group | Open ended | Numeric | |
| adult_child | Demographic group | String | ||
| Adult | ||||
| Child | ||||
| age_group | Age group | Numeric | ||
| 5-10 years | 1 | |||
| 20-29 years | 2 | |||
| 30-39 years | 3 | |||
| 40 years or over | 4 | |||
| se_base | plasma selenium concentration at baseline, µg/L | String | ||
| Not applicable | NA | |||
| se_end | plasma selenium concentration at endline, µg/L | String | ||
| hb_base | whole blood haemoglobin concentration at baseline, g/dL | String | ||
| Not applicable | NA | |||
| hb_end | whole blood haemoglobin concentration at endline, g/dL | String | ||
| Not applicable | NA | |||
| diarrhoea | Has the participant suffered diarrhoea in the past two weeks? Diarrhoea is defined as 3 or more watery stools over a 24 hour period | String | ||
| Not applicable | NA | |||
| No | No | |||
| Not sure | Not sure | |||
| Yes | Yes | |||
| maxstools | What is the maximum number of stools in a 24 hour period during the diarrhoeal episode? | String | ||
| Not applicable | NA | |||
| 3 | 3 | |||
| 4 to 5 | 4 to 5 | |||
| 6 to 7 | 6 to 7 | |||
| diarrhoea_prolonged | Did the diarrhoea last between 7-13 days? | String | ||
| Yes | Yes | |||
| No | No | |||
| Not sure | Not sure | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| String | ||||
| diarrhoea_blood | Did the participant have any blood in their stools? | String | ||
| Yes | Yes | |||
| No | No | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| fever | Has the participant suffered fever in the past 2 weeks? Fever is defined as a high temperature | String | ||
| Fever for 1–2 days | Fever for 1–2 days | |||
| Fever for 3–4 days | Fever for 3–4 days | |||
| Fever for 5+ days | Fever for 5+ days | |||
| No fever | No fever | |||
| Not sure/would rather not say | Not sure/would rather not say | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| vomiting | Has the participant suffered vomiting in the past 2 weeks? | String | ||
| Vomiting for 1–2 days | Vomiting for 1–2 days | |||
| Vomiting for 3–4 days | Vomiting for 3–4 days | |||
| Not sure/would rather not say | Not sure/would rather not say | |||
| No vomiting | No vomiting | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| cough | Has the participant had an illness with a cough at any time in the last 2 weeks? | String | ||
| Yes | Yes | |||
| No | No | |||
| Not sure | Not sure | |||
| Would rather not say | Would rather not say | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| breathing | Has the participant had fast, short, rapid breaths or difficulty breathing at any time in the last 2 weeks? | String | ||
| Yes | Yes | |||
| No | No | |||
| Not sure | Not sure | |||
| Would rather not say | Would rather not say | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| chest | Was the fast or difficult breathing due to a problem in the chest or to a blocked or runny nose? | String | ||
| Both | Both | |||
| Chest only | Chest only | |||
| Don't know/would rather not say | Don't know/would rather not say | |||
| Nose only | Nose only | |||
| Other (specify) | Other | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| seintakebasevisit1 | dietary selenium intake at baseline, µg/day | String | ||
| seintakebaserepeat | dietary selenium intake at baseline at repeat visit for randomly-selected subset, µg/day | String | ||
| seintakeend | dietary selenium intake at endline, µg/day | String | ||
| seintakeendrepeat | dietary selenium intake at endline at repeat visit for randomly-selected subset, µg/day | String | ||
| pregnantend | self-reported pregnancy status | String | ||
| y | Yes | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| lactatingend | self-reported lactation status | String | ||
| y | Yes | |||
| NULL | Not completed | |||
| FER_base_ugL | Serum ferritin concentration at baseline | String | ||
| sTFR_base_mgL | Serum transferrin receptor concentration at baseline | String | ||
| BodyIronStores_base_mgkgbodyweig | Body iron stores | String | ||
| RBP_base_RE_umolL | Retinol binding protein at baseline | String | ||
| CRP_base_mgL | C-reactive protein concentration at baseline | String | ||
| AGP_base_gL | Αlpha-1-acid glycoprotein concentration at baseline | String | ||
| FER_end_ugL | Serum ferritin concentration at endline | String | ||
| sTFR_end_mgL | Serum transferrin receptor concentration at endline | String | ||
| BodyIronStores_end_mgkgbodyweig | Body iron stores | String | ||
| RBP_end_RE_umolL | Retinol binding protein at endline | String | ||
| CRP_end_mgL | C-reactive protein concentration at endline | String | ||
| AGP_end_gL | Αlpha-1-acid glycoprotein concentration at endline | String | ||
| hh_adults | Number of adults in household | Open ended | Numeric | |
| children_over_1 | Number of children over 1 in household | Open ended | Numeric | |
| total_hh | Total number in household | Open ended | Numeric | |
| water | What is the main source of water for the dwelling? | Numeric | ||
| Piped into dwelling | 1 | |||
| Piped to yard | 2 | |||
| Piped to neighbour | 3 | |||
| Public tap stand | 4 | |||
| Tube well or borehole | 5 | |||
| Protected well | 6 | |||
| Unprotected well | 7 | |||
| Unprotected spring | 8 | |||
| Surface water (river/dam/lake/pond/stream/canal/irrigation channel) | 9 | |||
| Other | 10 | |||
| toilet | What toilet facilities does the household use? | Numeric | ||
| Ventilated imporved pit latrine | 1 | |||
| Pit latrine with slab | 2 | |||
| Pit latrine without slab/open pit | 3 | |||
| No facility/bush/field | 4 | |||
| Pit latrine with slab - shared | 5 | |||
| Pit latrine without slab/open pit - shared | 6 | |||
| Other | 7 | |||
| fuel | What is the main cooking fuel used in the household? | Numeric | ||
| Electricity | 1 | |||
| Charcoal | 2 | |||
| Wood | 3 | |||
| Grass/straw/shrubs | 4 | |||
| Other | 5 | |||
| floor | What is the main floor material of the household? | Numeric | ||
| Earth/sand | 1 | |||
| Dung | 2 | |||
| Cement | 3 | |||
| Other | 4 | |||
| roof | What is the main roof material of the household? | Numeric | ||
| No roof | 1 | |||
| Thatch | 2 | |||
| Palm/bamboo | 3 | |||
| Metal | 4 | |||
| Wood | 5 | |||
| Other | 6 | |||
| wall | What is the main wall material of the household? | Numeric | ||
| Uncovered adobe (wood plastered with mud) | 1 | |||
| Covered adobe (wood plastered with mud, with paint or wall paper) | 2 | |||
| Bricks | 3 | |||
| Other | 4 | |||
| electric | Electricity | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| radio | Radio | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| tv | Television | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| telephone | Telephone (not mobile) | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| compupter | Computer | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| fridge | Refrigerator | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| kolo | Koloboyi | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| paraffin | Paraffin lamp | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| lamp | Lamp/torch | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| bed | Bed with matress | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| sofa | Sofa set | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| watch | Watch | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| mobile | Mobile telephone | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| bike | Bicycle | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| motorbike | Motorbike or scooter | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| cart | Animal-drawn cart | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| car | Car or truck | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| boat | Boat with a motor | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| bank | Bank account | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| own_home | Does the household own their house? | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| own_land | Does the household own land? | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| land_area | What area of land does the household own? | Numeric | ||
| <0.5 hectares | 1 | |||
| 0.5-2 hectares | 2 | |||
| 2-5 hectares | 3 | |||
| >5 hectares | 4 | |||
| Don't know | 5 | |||
| income1 | Numeric | |||
| Subsistence farming | 1 | |||
| Tobacco | 2 | |||
| Paid employment | 3 | |||
| Other | 4 | |||
| income2 | Numeric | |||
| Subsistence farming | 1 | |||
| Tobacco | 2 | |||
| Paid employment | 3 | |||
| Other | 4 | |||
| income3 | Numeric | |||
| Subsistence farming | 1 | |||
| Tobacco | 2 | |||
| Paid employment | 3 | |||
| Other | 4 | |||
| education_hh | What is the highest level of education completed by the household head? | Numeric | ||
| No formal education | 1 | |||
| Primary school | 2 | |||
| Secondary school | 3 | |||
| Higher | 4 | |||
| education_woman | What is the highest level of education completed by the adult woman participant? | Numeric | ||
| No formal education | 1 | |||
| Primary school | 2 | |||
| Secondary school | 3 | |||
| Higher | 4 | |||
| livestock | Does the household own any livestock? | Numeric | ||
| Yes | 1 | |||
| No | 2 | |||
| milk_cows | Does the household own any milk cows/bulls? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 4 | 2 | |||
| 5 to 9 | 3 | |||
| 10+ | 4 | |||
| other_cattle | Does the household own any other cattle? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 4 | 2 | |||
| 5 to 9 | 3 | |||
| 10+ | 4 | |||
| mules | Does the household own any mules or donkeys? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 4 | 2 | |||
| 5 to 9 | 3 | |||
| 10+ | 4 | |||
| goat | Does the household own any goats? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 4 | 2 | |||
| 5 to 9 | 3 | |||
| 10+ | 4 | |||
| pigs | Does the household own any pigs? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 4 | 2 | |||
| 5 to 9 | 3 | |||
| 10+ | 4 | |||
| chickens | Does the household own any chickens? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 9 | 2 | |||
| 10 to 29 | 3 | |||
| 30+ | 4 | |||
| poultry | Does the household own any other poultry? | Numeric | ||
| None | 1 | |||
| 1 to 9 | 2 | |||
| 10 to 29 | 3 | |||
| 30+ | 4 |