Motivation-theme	Motivation-text
Career development	Supporting early career researchers and sharing resources.
Knowledge exchange	Knowledge exchange and gain peer review 
Knowledge sharing	To encourage information sharing
Knowledge sharing	To be a part of and encourage open science
Knowledge sharing	Publication
Knowledge sharing	"Transparency, knowledge translation/mobilization"
Knowledge sharing; public benefit; Research practice requirement	"Sharing preprints and study protocols was done to allow access to information by other researchers. Public engagement literature was prepared in a project where the public was involved in generating the knowledge to design infection prevention interventions for clinics. More generally, it is now common practice in our work to prepare dissemination materials for study participants"
Knowledge sharing; research rigour	"Preregistration - want to make other researchers aware of the projects we are currently conducting. Regarding some of the other categories, I plan to conduct these in the future to increase transparency and reproducibility of the work, but have not had the opportunity as work is still under production."
Knowledge sharing; Research timeliness	"Open access to research resources, ideas, outputs make for a more equitable and faster moving field. Generally better for moving ideas forward, improving knowledge etc"
Not applicable	N/A
Public benefit	"The public fund research, participate in research, and are key stakeholders."
Public benefit	Transparency  Public involvement to improve research
Public benefit	Shared pamphlets to summarise research findings in a way that can be easily understood by lay people. 
Public benefit	Public engagement - and commitment to co-design and co-creation
Public benefit	"Science belongs to all of us, and public participants must be able to access research they have contributed to and that affects their lives (especially if they have paid for it through taxation)"
Public benefit; research efficiency	Research participants provide their biological samples and data freely to improve the health and wellbeing of others. We have a moral obligation to make the best use of the information and make sure it is used to its maximum to generate high quality information.
Public benefit; research impact	Wider benefits to communities interested in the topic; increased visibility of our own research team
Public benefit; Research practice requirement	"Not sure I understand the question... But, I suppose for the ones that I have applied, the motivation was for the pre-print was because it was suggested by the journal and my co-authors were keen to try it because they had experienced getting their work out to networks earlier and had benefited from doing so.  For the sharing of public engagement literature, this has been central to the way research projects operate in Kenya where I work, and sharing policy briefs to the government of Kenya and other key stakeholders has been a fundamental part of the efforts to inform policy that we have engaged in in COVID and other recent research"
Research efficiency	"To ensure maximum utility of funded activities and efforts, to improve public health"
Research enhancement	Improve the strength of my work.
Research harmonisation	For data harmonisation
Research impact	Publicity and engagement with research.
Research impact	Sharing research methods/findings with the public and other researchers; increasing the visibility of the research.
Research impact	Advertise our work to the research community.
Research impact	Making good science publicly available
Research impact	Improve my visibility in research.
Research impact; Research timeliness	"Depositing in preprint archives a good way to get the research out and have your name associated with it. I am uncomfortable being critical of a paper when my name will be associated with the review, so I turn down requests from journals with open peer review. "
Research impact; research transparency	Increasing transparency of research methods  Increasing the impact of my work by encouraging re-use of code
Research necessity	Collaborative nature of work i am involved in.
Research practice requirement	Best practices
Research practice requirement	Normal practice
Research practice requirement	Sharing of data and materials is essential part of our role. 
Research practice requirement	Complying with funder requirements and best practice in the field.
Research practice requirement	Funder requirements; norms within the field (ie need to register trials in order to later publish results)
Research practice requirement	"In some cases requirements (eg clinical trials) or credibility, in other cases a desire to make findings available quickly"
Research practice requirement	They are normal elements of research
Research practice requirement	"These are recognized as best practice in the field and some, e.g. public protocols, are required by funders and the data provider. "
Research practice requirement	Advice from supervisor
Research practice requirement	"For some of them, e.g. preregistration, it is a requirement for a clinical trial if you want to publish the results in a decent journal, but also because I think it's just good practice to be open about what you're planning on doing. For others, because it seemed appropriate for the individual study. "
Research practice requirement	It is good research practice
Research practice requirement	"Sharing DNA plasmids and other molecular tools is standard practice in my field, as is early publication (pre-prints) and data sharing (conferences).  "
Research practice requirement	The criteria for conducting a research
Research practice requirement	That's how I have been trained so it didn't occur to me not too... 
Research practice requirement	Current best practice in the field.
Research practice requirement	"It is increasingly an expectation from otehr resaerchers, and funders"
Research practice requirement	To align with established (or emerging) best practice in my field.
Research practice requirement; research impact	"hard question to answer as motivations are different for each action. Some you have no choice/ journals require it e.g. open review, pre-registration, some are because you want research impact e.g. public engagement literature / preprints"
Research practice requirement; research quality	"Funder requirements, better quality research"
Research practice requirement; Research timeliness	"I was motivated to share code and use pre-print servers as that is the expected standard in my field of study. With research related to COVID-19, there was no time to wait for peer-review to be completed before making the work publicly available. "
Research practice requirement; Research timeliness	"Not one single motivation -  in part because we feel it is important/good research practice, sometimes needed to make research findings available to policy makers etc. early, sometimes it is required by funder or regulatory authorities"
Research practice requirement; research timeliness	"Improving quality of research, speed of publication/distribution, sometimes due to funder requirements (though I would have wanted to do it anyway)"
Research practice requirement; Research timeliness	"It was the journal policy to have open peer review. While I have not used the other practices yet in my research (as I am only just starting out in my career), research co-production and sharing public engagement literature particularly appeal to me. "
Research practice requirement; Research timeliness	These were shared by the decolonisation working group and their session of colonisation of publishing. Also the sueprvisors suggestions.
Research quality	Improve quality of research outputs
Research quality enhancement	"One of my research projects was aimed at co-designing an antibiotic stewardship intervention with multiple stakeholders since our exploratory research had shown strong evidence of actor influence on antibiotic practices. We recognised that without inputs from all these stakeholder groups, we would not be able to come up with a feasible and acceptable strategy for stewardship."
Research quality enhancement	Open science = better science
Research quality enhancement; research rigour	"These practices mean that benefits (data collection tools, socially-marketed brands, data sets and more) are shared openly which increases standards in research and allows independent checks on methods, results and conclusions"
research rigour	Helps improve our reseach; less happy to publish our results before peer-review as reviewers comments can modify the paper and its results.
Research rigour	Replicability of research. Confidence as everything can be checked a posteriori.
Research rigour	Increase research integrity. Allow replication of findings.
Research rigour	The aim is to provide sufficient information to allow other researchers to fully understand the methods to allow reproducibility
Research rigour	research integrity  
Research rigour	To maximise confidence in my research and its findings.
research rigour	Belief in open science principles and reproducibility
Research rigour	transparency and building trust in the quality and relevance of the research that I am involved in
research rigour	"Because they are good practice and lead to reproducible, shared and collegiate science."
Research rigour	Performing rigorous and reproducible research that can be shared widely
Research rigour	Reproducibility and verification of the work. 
Research rigour	Transparency and replicability
Research rigour	open research and reproducibility
Research rigour	Openess and transparency for better science
Research rigour	"I believe researchers should be transparent about their processes, open science supports this. "
research rigour	Benefit to my own work of exposing research findings to more scrutiny from scientists and public; accountability
Research rigour	Reproduciblity and believe it to be best practice
research rigour	"rigour, transparency, good research practice, trust"
Research rigour; higher quality research	I think that in many cases they improve the quality of the research and are helpful to public health and science in general.
Research rigour; higher quality research; research practice requirement	"improve quality of research  - peer encouragement to mutually share code and codelists  - funder expectations (particularly for public involvement)    - barriers to co-production time, skills and confidence, though I do regularly include public involvement in my research"
Research rigour; knowledge sharing	Increases the validity and trustworthiness of research and the research process. Facilitates collaboration and learning. I have benefitted from others sharing code
Research rigour; knowledge sharing	"Openness, integrity, replicability, transparency"
Research rigour; Public benefit	"Transparency, public interest"
Research rigour; research efficency; research practice requirement	"They are considered good research practice because they help to advance science by avoiding duplication, increasing transparency and reproducibility. Some are requirements of funders."
Research rigour; research efficiency	For transparancy and to ensure analyses are conducted as stated; for ethical reasons (to make the most of the avaiable data); to allow others to use data and methods for their own research. 
Research rigour; research efficiency	"Transparency; efficiency across research (e.g. sharing code to save others' repeating work). Some of these practices also help with peer review/publication (e.g. demonstrating that your research plans were defined before having the data, and you stuck to them)."
Research rigour; Research practice requirement	"Research verification - checking the robustness of previous findings  Sharing preprints - sharing important insights (covid research), that might otherwise take a few months to get published  Code sharing - more reproducible science and journal requirements    "
research rigour; Research timeliness	Open research is more rigorous (greater transparency) and more efficient (sharing of research materials and resources allows greater information sharing)
Research rigour; research transparency	Believe in conducting promoting reproducible research and open access to research findings and materials
Research rigour; research transparency	"Improve the reproducibility, access, and validity of research."
Research rigour; research transparency	"belief in transparency/reproducibility, and being annoyed when doing reviews I haven't been able to access key data, or see how people coded a particular analysis"
Research rigour; research transparency; time-saving	"Better science, reproducibility.  Also - honestly - I tend to think that when all the code is supplied reviewers nit-pick and ask questions less as they could just go look at the code.  I'm not convinced they actually look at it.  As a reviewer myself, if code if provided I normally open the file, glance through it and move on."
Research transparency	Openness is good for science and wider scientific advancement
Research transparency	"I think that open science is the only science that counts.  I also grew up with type-in programmes from computer user magazines in the 1980s which were open source before open source was a thing. Being able to get cool stuff for free, with the consent of the creator, then make it better and give it back to others is the best."
Research transparency	to make research transparent
Research transparency	Increased transparency and reusability to extend reach of my research
Research transparency	Increased transparency 
Research transparency	transparency
research transparency	to make my research work open and transparent
research transparency; research impact	"Transparency, branding yourself"
Research transparency; research practice requirement; research timeliness	For preregistration this was to uphold transparency and scientific rigour; also it is often a pre-requisite for publication.  - For preprints this was because the research needed to be shared in a timely manner as the topic was time sensitive.  
Research transparency; Research timeliness	Higher transparency; publishing the research plans also means getting the research project/idea out there faster than having to wait for all results to be acquired