Data for “Sustainable Programme Incorporating Nutrition & Games: a multi-country-randomised controlled trial” –SPRING DD Impact Assessment India data codebook

Permanent identifier

https://doi.org/10.17037/DATA.00003124

Description

Anonymised datasets from two cluster-randomised controlled trials of child growth and development in India and Pakistan. The datasets cover outcomes for 12,674 and 12,383 infants; and 12,467 and 13,139 mothers (India and Pakistan respectively) at baseline and endline evaluations. Mothers gave informed consent to participate in a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in 24 health sub centre catchment areas in Rewari District, Haryana, India 2015-2017 and 20 union councils (clusters) in Rawalpindi District, Punjab, Pakistan 2014-2016. The datasets contains variables on intervention allocation and cluster code, socio-demographic information, feeding, growth, development, adherence outcomes, parent-child behaviours and details of the environment and social structures of the households.

02_SPRING_ImpactAssessment_India

The 02_SPRING_ImpactAssessment_India dataset contains the following variables.

variable name	definition/question/statement	values	label	comments
masked_clusternum	randomisation unit (geographical area)	integer 1-24
trial_arm	spring intervention arm	0	control
trial_arm	spring intervention arm	1	intervention
masked_womanid	unique ID for each woman (random, anonymised)	integer 1-5001
masked_childid	unique ID for each child (random, anonymised)	integer 1-5192
sex	gender of child	1/0	male/female
twin	child is a twin/triplet	1/0	multiple birth/single birth
dem_caste	casts of mother	1	forward/general
		2	scheduled caste
		3	other backward caste
		4	scheduled tribe
final_father_educ	highest education level of father	1	no education
		2	some primary, not compelted
		3	primary/Middle completed
		4	SSC/HSC completed
		5	College cerificate
		6	Graduate degree
		7	Postgraduate degree
final_mother_educ	highest education level of mother		as final_father_educ
ses_score	socio-economic status index	number (6dp)		data reduction techniques were used to create an index based on information about house construction, ownership of household items, land, animals and transport means, and water and sanitation infrastructure. Using principal components analysis, a coefficient is was assigned to each variable included in the asset index by means of an iterative model based on its importance in relation to the other variables. The sum of the coefficients for each household was then used to calculate the overall SES index
quintile	socio-economic status quintile (households ranked by ses_score value)	integer 1-5	1-poorest 5-least poor
monthyear_womandob	year and month of birth of mother	string	YYYY.MM (Y-year, M-month)
mat_age_deliv_yrs	mothers age in years at delivery	integer
monthyear_childdob	year and month of birth of child	string	YYYY.MM (Y-year, M-month)
bg_place_deliv	location of delivery of child	1	home
		2	Dai's residence
		3	private hospital
		4	health subcentre
		5	primary health centre
		6	community health centre
		7	district/civic hospital
		8	on the way to a facility
bg_birthattendant	who delivered the baby?	1	doctor
		2	nurse
		3	midwife/auxilliary
		4	Dai
		5	other person/relative
		6	delivered myself
mode_deliv	how was the baby delivered?	1	normal vaginal delivery
		2	caesesarean section
		3	baby pulled out with an instrument
		4	vacuum extraction
firstbf	when did you start breastfeeding the child?	1	less than 1 hour
		2	1-5 hours
		3	6-11 hours
		4	12-24 hours
		5	more than 24 hours
		6	breastfeeding not started
bclus_noeduc	cluster average proportion mothers no education at baseline	number (6dp)
bclus_facdeliv	cluster average proportion mothers delivered in facility at baseline	number (6dp)
bclus_stunt	cluster average proportion children stunted at baseline	number (6dp)
monthyear_12mvisit	year and month of date of visit at which 12m assessment (any) conducted	string	YYYY.MM (Y-year, M-month)
age_at12	age of child in months at time of 12 month assessment	number (5dp)
childdevstatus	status of mother-child dyad for 12m assessment	1	not living with mother
		2	mother incapable of assessment
		3	child has major congenital defect
		4	sample size met
		5	12m maternal death
		6	12m assessment completed
		7	12m child death
		8	12m moved away
		9	12m consent refused
		10	no appt possible
		11	appt made but mother/child ill
		12	appt made but not convenient
twelvebin	children eligible for HOME/Feeding assessment at 12m of age	1/0/.	assessed/not assessed/not eligible
matbin	children eligible for PHQ9/other maternal outcomes assessment at 12m	1/0/.	assessed/not assessed/not eligible
homeitdone	child is in final HOME analysis sample	1/0	yes/no
homeit	total HOME score	integer
responsivity	total score for HOME section on responsivity	integer
acceptchildbehave	total score for HOME section on acceptance of child's behaviour	integer
organiseenviron	total score for HOME section on organisation of environment	integer
learnmaterials	total score for HOME section on learnig materials	integer
parentinvolve	total score for HOME section on parental involvement	integer
variety	total score for HOME section on variety	integer
encourdment	Did caregiver consciously encourage developmental advancement?	1/0	yes/no
twospontprais	Did caregiver spontaneously praise child?	1/0	yes/no
spontanvoc	Did caregiver spontaneously vocalize to child at least twice during HOME visit?	1/0	yes/no
verbrespond	Did caregiver spontaneously respond to child’s vocalisations during HOME visit?	1/0	yes/no
hworktalk	Did caregiver talk to child whilst doing housework?	1/0	yes/no
m12_haz06	height for age z-score at 12m	number (2dp)
m12_waz06	weight for age z-score at 12m	number (2dp)
m12_whz06	weight for height z-score at 12m	number (2dp)
compfeedfinal	child is in final complementray analysis sample	1/0	yes/no
Who all in the house help in feeding child during the whole day yesterday or last night?
iycfgranmdadi	Dadi (Grandmother)	1/2	yes/no
iycffatherpita	Pita (Father)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfgrfdada	Dada(Grandfather)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfauntbua	Bua (Aunt)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfauntchachi	Chachi (younger aunt)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfaunttaai	Taai (elder aunt)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfuncchacha	Chacha (younger uncle)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfuncletau	Tau (elder uncle)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfgranmnani	Nani (Grandmother)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfgranfnana	Nana (Grandfather)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfauntmaami	Maami (Aunt)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfauntmaasi	Maasi (Aunt)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfother	Nobody helps the mother	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
iycfnobody	Others (specify)	1/2	Same as IYCFGRANMDADI
bfyest	Was [child’s name] breastfed during the day yesterday or last night?	1,2,8	Yes, No, DK
bfalternate	Sometimes babies are fed breast milk in different ways, for example by spoon, cup or bottle. Did [child’s name] consume breast milk in any of these ways during the day yesterday or last night?	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
ors	Was [child’s name] given “packet-wala ORS” yesterday during the day yesterday or last night?	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
vitamins	Was [child’s name] given any medicines or supplements as drops during the day yesterday or last night?	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
water	Plain water	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
infformu	Powdered milk especially for young child such as lactogen	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
formutimes	Number of times formula milk given	Integer
milk	Milk (packet, powder or cow/buffalo/goat)	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
milktimes	Number of times milk given	Integer
juice	Fresh juice or packed juice	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
vegwater	Pulses or vegetable water	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
lassi	Yogurt drink such as lassi and chaach	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
lassitimes	Number of times yogurt based drink given	Integer
thinporr	Thin dalia/khichdi/halwa	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
waterliq	Any other drink made in water such as lemon water, mango water, squash	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
otherliq	Any other drink? Such as tea, coffee, mango or banana shake made in milk	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
botnipp	Did [child’s name] drink anything from a bottle with a nipple during the whole day yesterday or last night?	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
grainfood	Dalia, khichdi, halwa, bread, roti, rice, noodles, vermicellii, or other foods made from grains	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
pumpkin	Yellow or orange vegetables including: pumpkin, carrots	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
rootfood	White potatoes, taro root, sweet potato (white)	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
greenleafy	Any dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach leaves, mustard leaves, fenugreek leaves, bathua leaves, amaranth, mint, coriander leaves, radish leaves, carrot leaves, celery leaves, colocasia Leaves	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
vitafruit	Ripe mangoes, ripe papayas, apricot, cape gooseberry	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
beans	Beans, peas, lentils, nuts, seeds or any foods made from these	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
otherfrveg	Any other fruits or vegetables	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
oil	Any oil, ghee, fats, or butter, or foods made with any of these	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
condim	Condiments for flavour, such as salt, chillies, spices, or herbs	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
sweet	Any sugary foods such as chocolates, sweets, candies, pastries, cakes, or biscuits	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
milkprod	Paneer, cheese, yogurt, kulfi, ice-cream or malai	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
egg	Eggs	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
seafood	Fresh or dried fish, prawns or other seafood	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
meat	Chicken, mutton or any other meat	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
meatorg	Liver, kidney, heart, or other organ meats	1,2,8	Same as BFYEST
otherfood1	Other foods: please write down other foods mentioned that are not in above list:	String
otherfood2		String
otherfood3		String
otherfood4		String
otherfood5		String
otherfood6		String
otherfood7		String
otherfood8		String
otherfood9		String
otherfood10		String
otherfood11		String
otherfood12		String
foodtimes	How many times did [child’s name] eat food other than liquids during the whole day yesterday and last night?	Integer
foodquantity	I am interested in how much [child’s name] ate during the whole day yesterday and last night. Can you tell me roughly how many of these bowls this food would have filled? [Show standardised bowl]	Integer
who_3recommend	child following WHO criteria for minimum acceptable diet	1,0	yes,no
food4grp	child receiving 4 or more food groups yesterday	1,0	yes,no
rec_mealfreq	child receiving recommended number of meals	1,0	yes,no
matknowdone	woman is in final maternal knowledge analysis sample	1/0	yes/no
ebf	Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life is important for a child’s health	1,2,8	Agree, Disagree, Don't Know
bf1hour	Breastfeeding in the first hour after birth gives a newborn the best start	1,2,8	Same as EBF
prelacteal	If a good quality pre-lacteal is selected, it makes the child healthier and stronger	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bfinsuff	A child needs extra food or drink in addition to breastmilk during the first 6 months of life because breastmilk does not give them all of the water and energy that they need.	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bftalkdistract	Talking or caressing a baby whilst breastfeeding distracts them	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bfbrain	Breast milk is full of nutrients that help in the brain development of a child	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bfnosick	It is important to stop breastfeeding a sick child	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bfstopmeals	As soon as a child begins to eat 3 full meals, breastfeeding should be stopped	1,2,8	Same as EBF
bf2yrs	It is good to continue breast feeding till a child reaches 2 years of age	1,2,8	Same as EBF
cf6months	Soft/mushy food should be introduced when a child reaches 6 months of age	1,2,8	Same as EBF
spitcontinue	Mothers should continue to try feeding six month old babies even if they spit it out	1,2,8	Same as EBF
difftastes	Introducing different tastes will help a child become a less fussy eater	1,2,8	Same as EBF
playfoodstop	Children should be stopped if they start playing with their food	1,2,8	Same as EBF
fingerfood	Giving a child finger food such as a piece of fruit & bread will enable them to eat independently	1,2,8	Same as EBF
toffeesnacks	Toffee, chips and fizzy drinks are good things to give children to eat in between meals	1,2,8	Same as EBF
eggsgood	Eggs are good for young children	1,2,8	Same as EBF
foodvariety	Children older than 6 months need a variety of foods such as daal, rice, fruits and vegetables to grow well	1,2,8	Same as EBF
food5times	It’s good to give a one year old child something to eat at least five times a day	1,2,8	Same as EBF
cfdiffstart	The correct age to start giving food is different for different children	1,2,8	Same as EBF
foodgames	Playing games or singing songs when feeding young children can help them eat more	1,2,8	Same as EBF
talklearn	Talking to a baby makes them happy and helps them learn	1,2,8	Same as EBF
playgood	Playing with a baby frequently is good for their development	1,2,8	Same as EBF
stoptoybang	Young children should be stopped from banging their toys or other things	1,2,8	Same as EBF
play1yronly	Encouraging play is only important for children who are older than one year of age	1,2,8	Same as EBF
encourcrawl	A child should be encouraged to crawl and explore their world	1,2,8	Same as EBF
lovespoils	Too much love and attention will spoil a young child	1,2,8	Same as EBF
onlytoys	Children should only be allowed to play with toys and nothing else	1,2,8	Same as EBF
praise	The best way to get a child to behave is to praise them when they do something good	1,2,8	Same as EBF
singsong	Singing songs to a baby helps them develop in many different ways	1,2,8	Same as EBF
matknow	Total maternal knowledge score	Integer
matknow_bf	Maternal knowledge score on breast feeding	Integer
matknow_cfeed	Maternal knowledge score on complementary feeding	Integer
matknow_stim	Maternal knowledge score on stimulation	Integer
phq9done	woman is in final phq9 analysis sample	1/0	yes/no
sleep	Trouble falling or staying asleep or sleeping too much?	0,1,2,3	Not at all, Some Days, More than half the days, Nearly every day
tired	Feeling tired or having little energy?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
appetite	Poor appetite or overeating?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
concentr	Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching the television?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
pleasure	Little interest or pleasure in doing activities you enjoyed previously?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
depressed	Feeling depressed, hopeless or low in mood?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
feelbad	Feeling bad about yourself – or that you are a failure or have let yourself or your family down?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
moving	Moving or speaking so slowly that people could have noticed? Or being so restless that you move around a lot more than usual?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
suic	Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself in some way?	0-3	Same as SLEEP
difficult	Considering the problems you have told me about, how difficult have these problems made it for you to do your work, take care of things at home, or get along with other people?	0,1,2,3,9	Not difficult at all, Somewhat difficult, Very difficult, Extremely difficult, Not applicable (scored zero for all answers)
totphq9	Total PHQ9 score	Integer
dukesssdone	woman is in finalDUKE's SSSS analysis sample	1/0	yes/no
How much each person (or group of persons) is supportive for you nowadays in your life
suphusb	Your husband	0, 1,2,9	None, Some, A lot, There is no such person
supchild	Your children	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supparent	Your own parents or grandparents	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supsibling	Your own brothers or sisters	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supothblood	Your other blood relatives (e.g., uncle, aunty, cousin)	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supinlaw	Your relatives by marriage (e.g., parents-in-law, sister or brother-in-law)	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supneigh	Your neighbours	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supcowork	Your co-workers (such as job, labour, work in other person’s field)	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supasha	ASHAs in your village	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supaww	AWWs/AW helper in your village	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supkilk	Kilkaari project workers in your village	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supanm	ANMs in your area	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supngo	Workers from any other projects	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supcomm	People in any local community groups you are a member of ( e.g., committees, panchayat, religious groups, prayer groups, self-help groups)	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
supfriends	Your other friends	0-2,9	Same as suphusb
suppeople	Any other people	1, 2, 9	Some, A lot, There is no such person
supspecify	Please tell me who these other people are	String
supparticpers	Is there any particular person whom you trust and to whom you can go with personal difficulties? [If names more than one person – circle’1’ ‘yes’ and ask mother to choose the one person who is most supportive]	1,2	Yes,No
suppartictype	Please can you tell me the type of person this is.	1	Your husband
		2	Your children
		3	Your own parents or grandparents
		4	Your own brothers or sisters
		5	Your other blood relatives (e.g., uncle, aunty, cousin)
		6	Your relatives by marriage (e.g., parents-in-law, sister or brother-in-law)
		7	Your neighbours
		8	Your co-workers (such as job, labour, work in other person’s field)
		9	ASHA
		10	AWW/AW helper
		11	Kilkaari project worker
		12	ANM
		13	Workers from any other projects
		14	People in any local community groups you are a member of ( e.g., committees, panchayat, religious groups, prayer groups, self-help groups)
		15	Your other friends
		16	Any other people
		99	Not Applicable
How much each person (or group of persons) causes stress for you nowadays in your life
stresshusb	Your husband	0, 1,2,9	None, Some, A lot, There is no such person
stresschild	Your children	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressparent	Your own parents or grandparents	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stresssibling	Your own brothers or sisters	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressothblood	Your other blood relatives (e.g., uncle, aunty, cousin)	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressinlaw	Your relatives by marriage (e.g., parents-in-law, sister or brother-in-law)	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressneigh	Your neighbours	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stresscowork	Your co-workers (such as job, labour, work in other person’s field)	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressasha	ASHAs in your village	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressaww	AWWs/AW helper in your village	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stresskilk	Kilkaari project workers in your village	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressanm	ANMs in your area	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressngo	Workers from any other projects	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stresscomm	People in any local community groups you are a member of ( e.g., committees, panchayat, religious groups, prayer groups, self-help groups)	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stressfriends	Your other friends	0-2,9	Same as stresshusb
stresspeople	Any other people	1, 2, 9	Some, A lot, There is no such person
stressspecify	Please tell me who these other people are	String
stressparticpers	Do you have any particular person around you, who causes you stress now-a-days? [If names more than one person – circle’1’ ‘yes’ and ask mother to choose the one person who causes the most stress]	1,2	Yes,No
stresspartictype	Please can you tell me the type of person this is?	1	Your husband
		2	Your children
		3	Your own parents or grandparents
		4	Your own brothers or sisters
		5	Your other blood relatives (e.g., uncle, aunty, cousin)
		6	Your relatives by marriage (e.g., parents-in-law, sister or brother-in-law)
		7	Your neighbours
		8	Your co-workers (such as job, labour, work in other person’s field)
		9	ASHA
		10	AWW/AW helper
		11	Kilkaari project worker
		12	ANM
		13	Workers from any other projects
		14	People in any local community groups you are a member of ( e.g., committees, panchayat, religious groups, prayer groups, self-help groups)
		15	Your other friends
		16	Any other people
		99	Not Applicable
dukesuppfam	DUKE's support score for family members	Integer
dukesuppnonfam	DUKE's support score for non family members	Integer
dukestressfam	DUKE's stress score for family members	Integer
dukestressnonfam	DUKE's stress score for non family members	Integer
dukesupportscore	Total DUKE's support score	Integer
dukestressscore	Total DUKE's stress score	Integer
monthyear_18mvisit	year and month of date of visit at which 18m assessment (any) conducted	string	YYYY.MM (Y-year, M-month)
age_at18	age of child in months at time of 18 month assessment	number (5dp)
childdev18m	status of mother-child dyad for 18m assessment	1	Five BSID & height/weight done
		3	Incomplete BSID: height/weight not done
		5	18m child death
		6	18m moved away
		7	18m consent refused
		8	mother/child unavailable
eighteenbin	children eligible for BSID/Anthropometry assessment at 18m of age	1/0/.	assessed/not assessed/not eligible
m18_haz06	height for age z-score at 18m	number (2dp)
m18_waz06	weight for age z-score at 18m	number (2dp)
m18_whz06	weight for height z-score at 18m	number (2dp)
stunted18	child is <2 z-scores below average height-for-age at 18m	1/0	yes/no
wasted18	child is <2 z-scores below average weight-for-height at 18m	1/0	yes/no
underweight18	child is <2 z-scores below average weight-for-age at 18m	1/0	yes/no
underwaste18	child is wasted + underweight at 18m	1/0	yes/no
understunt18	child is stunted + underweight at 18m	1/0	yes/no
all_ciaf18	child is stunted + underweight+ wasted at 18m	1/0	yes/no
any_ciaf18	child is either stunted, underweight or wasted at 18m	1/0	yes/no
diff_haz	change in height for age z-score 12-18months	number (2dp)
diff_waz	change in weight for age z-score 12-18months	number (2dp)
diff_whz	change in weihgt for height z-score 12-18months	number (2dp)
finemotor	raw score for fine motor assessment	integer
dev_fm_age	developmental age of child for fine motor skills	integer
fm_ratio	fine motor developmental age ratio	number (5dp)
fm_delay	fine motor developmental delay in months	number (6dp)
fm_scale	scaled score for fine motor assessment	integer
grossmotor	raw score for gross motor assessment	integer
dev_gm_age	developmental age of child for gross motor skills	integer
gm_ratio	gross motor developmental age ratio	number (5dp)
gm_delay	gross motor developmental delay in months	number (6dp)
gm_scale	scaled score for gross motor assessment	integer
motor_comp	final composite score for psychomotor development	integer
delaym	child is >1SD below the average psychomotor composite score?	1/0	yes/no
sdelaym	child is >2SD below the average psychomotor composite score?	1/0	yes/no
cognitive	raw score for cognitive assessment	integer
cog_scale	scaled score for cognitive assessment	integer
cog_comp	final composite score for cognitive development	integer
delayc	child is >1SD below the average cogntive composite score?	1/0	yes/no
sdelayc	child is >2SD below the average cogntive composite score?	1/0	yes/no
dev_cog_age	developmental age of child for cognitive skills	integer
cog_ratio	cognitive developmental age ratio	number (5dp)
cog_delay	cognitive developmental delay in months	number (6dp)
receptive	raw score for receptive language assessment	integer
dev_rl_age	developmental age of child for receptive language skills	integer
rl_ratio	receptive language developmental age ratio	number (5dp)
rl_delay	receptive language developmental delay in months	number (6dp)
rl_scale	scaled score for receptive language assessment	integer
expressive	raw score for expressive language assessment	integer
dev_el_age	developmental age of child for expressive language skills	integer
el_ratio	expressive language developmental age ratio	number (5dp)
el_delay	expressive language developmental delay in months	number (6dp)
el_scale	scaled score for expressive language assessment	integer
lang_comp	final composite score for language development	integer
delayl	child is >1SD below the average language composite score?	1/0	yes/no
sdelayl	child is >2SD below the average language composite score?	1/0	yes/no
n_agency	score: extent to which the mother's actions are determined by her own intrinsic motivation as opposed to external pressure by others	number 0-1 (7dp)		The maternal agency score is calculated based on i10 items repeated over three domains of life: work, household chores and health care seeking. In each domain, 4 items reflect internal motivation, while 6 reflect external motivation. To calculate the maternal agency score, a weighted sum is taken over all 10 items. Items reflecting internal motivation are weighted +1, and items reflecting external motivation are weighted - 2/3. After obtaining scores on each domain separately, the domain-specific scores are summed to obtain an overall agency score, with a minimum value of -12 and a maximum value of 12. To aid comparison, the raw score is normalised to a scale of 0-1
n_capabilities	score: extent to which a mother is able to achieve important and valued ‘functionings’	number 0-1 (7dp)		5 items relating respectively to security, love, independence, achievement and enjoyment are rated on a 4-point Likert scale and coded from 1 (least amount of security, love, etc.) to 4 (maximal amount of security, love, etc.). The score is calculated using published factor weights. To ease the comparison the raw scores is normalised to a scale of 0-1